Scientists Recycle Oyster Shells to Aid Chesapeake Bay

Recycling programs usually give new life to materials like paper, metal, plastic and glass. But a program in the eastern United States is recycling shellfish to help the Chesapeake Bay.

Oysters are filter feeders which means they help clean the water. At the same time, generation upon generation of oysters form reefs. These structures provide homes for fish and crabs.

Oysters are a Chesapeake tradition. And they are good for the bay. But environmental damage and too much harvesting have cut the oyster population of the Chesapeake.

An organization called the Oyster Recovery Partnership started the recycling program earlier this year. Baby oysters need to attach themselves to a shell or other hard surface as they grow. Scientists are using recycled shells as part of an oyster reproduction program.

More than fifty restaurants, seafood dealers and other businesses have joined the Oyster Shell Recycling Alliance. Two states, Maryland and Virginia, are also taking part in the program.

One of the restaurants involved is in Washington, near the White House. Oysters are a specialty at the Old Ebbitt Grill, and manager Christian Guidi says that means lots of shells.

CHRISTIAN GUIDI: "We serve between fifteen hundred and three thousand oysters a day, and that obviously does create a lot of waste."

But the restaurant no longer throws away all those shells. The Oyster Recovery Partnership takes them away for recycling.

First the shells get washed. Then they go to the Center for Environmental Science at the University of Maryland for further processing.

The shells are placed in tanks with hundreds of millions of oyster larvae. This way, the baby oysters can be raised until they have grown big enough to be moved to the Chesapeake.

This year, the Oyster Recovery Partnership helped produce and plant more than four hundred fifty million baby oysters in the bay.

Don Meritt heads the oyster recovery program at the University of Maryland. He says the goal is not just to increase the oyster population.

DON MERITT: "Our real goal here is to try to restore healthy oysters to the Chesapeake Bay so that we can help restore a healthy Chesapeake Bay. Not just a healthy oyster population, but a healthy bay."

Mr. Meritt says it will take many years of work before the Chesapeake Bay has a good supply of oysters again.

DON MERITT: "We did not get to this crisis in a few years and we are not going to get out of it in a few years. It is going to take a concerted effort over a long period of time."

And that's the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, written by Jerilyn Watson and Elizabeth Lee. You can find all of our programs with transcripts and MP3s at www.tingvoa.com . I'm Bob Doughty.

1.recycle vt.回收利用；再利用

例句：Recycling of rubbish costs money and requires special equipment.

回收利用垃圾的造价很高, 又需要专用设备。

2.reproduction n.再现,复制,生殖,繁殖,复制品

例句：Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space.

在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。

copy，duplicate，model，reproduction，facsimile

这些名词均有“复制品”之意。

copy普通用词，含义广泛，指精确的或不精确的复制品。

duplicate常指完全一模一样，可代替原件的复制品。

model可指按某物式样制造、按比例缩小的模型，也可指某物未制成之前做出的模型。

reproduction批按原物复制的产品，着重复制品与原物相似。

facsimile含义与copy大体相同，但较文雅。

3.specialty n.特制品,特产,名产

例句：Shell carvings are a specialty of the town.

贝雕是该城的特产。

4.restore v.使恢复

例句：At present the doctor is giving him daily massages to help restore the function of his limbs.

目前医生每天在给他按摩, 帮助他恢复腿臂的功能。

修复; 重建

例句：The old painting was damaged in the flood and had to be painstakingly restored.

那幅古画在洪水中遭到毁坏, 必须精心修复。

5.concerted adj.共同筹划的, 合作的

例句：There has been a concerted campaign against the proposals.

人们将采取一致行动反对这些提议。

6.further adj.更多的, 另外的, 进一步的

例句：If you wish for further explanation, you'd better apply in person to the director.

如果你想得到进一步说明, 你最好直接找厂长联系。

vt.促进, 推进, 助长

例句：We'll do all we can to further your plans.

我们将尽力促成你们的计划。

1.Baby oysters need to attach themselves to a shell or other hard surface as they grow.

attach to(使)贴〔系, 粘〕在…上

例句：Is there a dining car attached to the train?

本次列车有没有附设一节餐车?

He attached labels to his luggage.

他把标签贴在行李上。

2.But the restaurant no longer throws away all those shells.

no longer, not ... any longer 与 no more区别

(1) 用作副词表示时间上的“用作副词表示时间上的“不再”，可用no longer, not…any longer, not…any more：He knows that he is no longer young. 他知道自己不再年轻。We don’t live here any more [longer]. / We no longer live here. 我们不住在这里了。我们不住在这里了。no longer 通常位于句中的实意动词之前，动词be、助动词和情态动词之后，有时也可位于句末或句首(用于句首时，其后用倒装语

序)：He no longer loves her. / He loves her no longer. / No longer does he love her. 他再也不爱她了。

【注】原来【注】no more 也可表示时间上的“不再”(但要与非延续性动词连用，且位于句末)，但在现代英语中，no more 一般不这样用。

(2) 以下各例中的more 和longer 分别为much 和long的比较级，此时两者不可混淆：There is no more bread. 没有面包了。The boy doesn’t want any more. 这孩子不想再要了。

This rope is no longer than that one. 这根绳子与那根绳子一样不长。

3.Our real goal here is to try to restore healthy oysters to the Chesapeake Bay so that we can help restore a healthy Chesapeake Bay.

so that引导目的状语从句。

目的从句表示动机（即一种可能性），并非事实，只是想要达到某个结果的意愿，因而从句中多用假定性的谓语动词。常有can，many，will，could，might，would，should等情态动词。情态动词本身并无词汇意义，只是一种虚拟用法。结果从句表示客观事实，所以用陈述语气的谓语动词，从句中常无情态动词。试比较：

We planted many shrubs so that the garden should／might look more beautiful．（purpose）我们栽了很多灌木，为了让花园看起来更美一些。

We planted many shrubs，so that the garden soon looked more beautiful．（re-sult）我们栽了很多灌木，花园里不久就好看多了。

I always write so carefully that I may make my meaning clear．（purpose）我写作总是字斟句酌，是为了让人看懂我的意思。

I always write so carefully that I make my meaning clear．（result）我写作总是字斟句酌，结果把意思讲得一清二楚。

Every precaution was taken that the plan might not fail．（purpose）已经采取了各种措施，好让计划不致遭失败。

I must be getting absent-minded that I forgot to bring my ticket．（result）我一定是心不在焉，结果票也忘了带。